Chapter 14 Outline

This chapter is about Solutions and Their Behavior. There are several basic concepts that are important and a couple of different mathematical relationships in this chapter. Because you should be very familiar with many of the characteristics of solutions, it is an easy chapter if you use some common sense. This chapter is also a nice example of how a model of what happens on the molecular level will help make sense of the macro scale behavior of a system. Take a close look at the video clips for this chapter and keep them in mind as you solve problems.
  1. Units of Concentration. Concentration units may be experessed a variety of different ways. The units used depend upon the application. You need to know the definitions for solvent, solute and solution in order to understand these problems. The abbreviations are important; M for molarity, m for molality, X for mole fraction, ppm for parts per million. Know each of the following:

  2. The Solution Process. This section discusses what happens on a molecular level when something dissolves in a solution. Check out the video clips. Remember "like dissolves like"

    . Understand what it means if a solution is saturated. Henry's law describes the solubility of a gas in a liquid.

  3. Colligative Properties. This section is the bulk of the chapter. Colligative properties are properties that depend only upon the concentration of the solute, not the identity of the solute. Colligative properties include vapor pressure (Raoult's law), boiling point elevation, freezing point depression and osmotic pressure. Understand the practical implications of these, look carefully at the figures and video clips to understand the molecular basis for this behavior, and be able to work problems.

  4. Colloids. Read this section for your information.

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